# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins are essential personal hygiene products used by women during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring comfort, safety, and effectiveness. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary materials used in sanitary napkins.

## Core Components of Sanitary Napkins

### 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most critical part of a sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of wood pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP). Wood pulp provides bulk and structure, while SAP enhances the absorption capacity by locking in moisture.

### 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is usually made from non-woven fabric or perforated film. The material is chosen for its softness, breathability, and ability to quickly transfer liquid to the absorbent core.

### 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary napkin, designed to prevent leakage. It is commonly made from polyethylene film, which is waterproof yet breathable. Some back sheets are also treated with a non-slip coating to keep the napkin in place.

### 4. Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary napkin to the underwear. It is typically a pressure-sensitive adhesive that is strong enough to hold the napkin in place but gentle enough to be removed without leaving residue.

## Properties of Sanitary Napkin Materials

### 1. Absorbency

The primary property of the absorbent core is its ability to absorb and retain menstrual fluid. High-quality sanitary napkins use a combination of wood pulp and SAP to achieve optimal absorbency.

### 2. Softness

The top sheet must be soft to ensure comfort during use. Non-woven fabrics and perforated films are chosen for their gentle texture and skin-friendly properties.

### 3. Breathability

Breathability is essential to prevent discomfort and irritation. The top sheet and back sheet are designed to allow air circulation, reducing the risk of skin irritation and promoting a dry feeling.

### 4. Leakage Protection

The back sheet plays a crucial role in preventing leaks. Polyethylene films are used for their waterproof properties, ensuring that menstrual fluid does not seep through to clothing.

### 5. Adhesion

The adhesive must provide a secure fit without causing discomfort or leaving residue. Pressure-sensitive adhesives are preferred for their balance of strength and ease of removal.

## Conclusion

Understanding the raw materials and their properties is essential for producing high-quality sanitary napkins. The combination of absorbent core, top sheet, back sheet, and adhesive ensures that sanitary napkins are effective, comfortable, and safe for use. By selecting the right materials, manufacturers can create products that meet the needs of women during menstruation, providing both comfort and confidence.